Publications

Title

A REVIEW OF THE GENUS AXIOCERSES HüBNER (LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE), WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NINE NEW SPECIES AND THREE NEW SUBSPECIES

Authors

Henning Stephen F.

And

Henning Graham A.

ABSTRACT:

A synopsis is given of the genus Axiocerses Hübner, including notes on the life history and habits and a key to all its species. Nine new species and three new subspecies are described. A. callaghani, A. susanae, A. heathi, A. melanica, A. coalescens, A. karinae, A. kiellandi, A. bamptoni, A. collinsi, A. tjoane rubescens, A. bambana orichalcea, A. melanica aurata.The status of A. croesus (Trimen, 1862) A. punicea cruenta (Trimen, 1894) A. bambana (Grose Smith, 1900), A. amanga borealis Aurivillius and A. amanga baumi Weymer is revised.

KEY WORDS:

Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Axiocerses, systematic revision, life histories, biology, Afrotropical Region.

Title

MOTHS COLLECTED IN THE KAKAMEGA FOREST (EASTERN KENYA), AND POSSIBLE USE OF MOTHS TO CHARACTERISE TROPICAL FORESTS

Authors

Dall’Asta Ugo

Title

ON PREPARATION OF THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE WORLD SERIES

Authors

D’Abrera Bernard

Title

BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

Authors

Henning G. A.

Title

THE POTENTIAL USE OF BUTTERFLIES & DUNG BEETLES IN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDIES: AN EXAMPLE FROM ZIMBABWE

Authors

Gardiner Alan

ABSTRACT:

A system for monitoring the health of terrestrial environments is required. In Africa most environmental studies are involved with large mammals while the invertebrates have been neglected. Of the Invertebrates butterflies and dung beetles in particular are two possible candidates. For environmental monitoring the advantages and disadvantages of using these groups are discussed. Results from a recent study, suggest butterflies as a good possibility. It is recommended that systems are produced that:

1) help local people monitor their area:

2) identify areas of high diversity and interest and:

3) make use of “sacred’ patches for conservation.

Title

MODE AND TEMPO IN THE EVOLUTION OF MIMICRY IN AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES – A RESEARCH PROGRAMME

Authors

Vane-Wright R. I.

ABSTRACT:

The genus Amauris is a driving force in the evolution of mimicry within African butterflies. Amongst the many mimics of Amauris, Papilio dardanus is a celebrated and much-studied species, but controversy controversy continues regarding the sequence of evolutionary events that have produced this remarkable insect. Even less well understood is the possible relationship between mimicry and the evolution of new species. A research programme using molecular biology to explore these issues is outlined. Ways in which Africanbased lepidopterists might contribute to this work are briefly noted.

Title

BUTTERFLY MONITORIG IN ARABUKO-SOKOKE FOREST, KENYA

Authors

Ayiemba Washington O.

Title

BUTTERFLY FARMING AND FOREST CONSERVATION: A CASE STUDY FROM THE NORTH COAST OF KENYA

Authors

Gordon Ian Dr.

Title

CLASSIFICATION OF THE AFRICAN SATURNIIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) – THE QUEST FOR NATURAL GROUPS AND RELATIONSHIPS

Authors

Oberprieler R. G.

ABSTRACT:

The development of the higher classification of the African Saturniidae is reviewed, concluding that the current system, which dates back to Bouvier (1936), is typologically orientated and largely obscures the indicated natural, phylogenetic relationships of this fauna. The five major groups of these moths, viz. Micragonini, Urotini, Bunaeini, Saurniini and Attacini, are briefly discussed rectifying several nomenclatural errors (such as the homonymy and synonymy of Ludiini and Pseudapheliini auctt.), giving some diagnostic characters of possible phylogenetic significance and commenting on the composition of these groups. Its is concluded that a natural classification of the African Saturniidae is only possible by conducting a careful and thorough phylogenetic analysis of all features, especially of preimaginal characters, which were largely ignored in the past, and also of genetic and molecular aspects.

Title

A CLASSIFICATION OF VISUAL-SIGNALS EMANATING FROM THE WINGS OF AFROTROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA

Authors

Staude H. S.

And

Curle A. I.

ABSTRACT:

Adult Lepidoptera use four types of strategies as defense against predators: visual (morphological) signals, behavioral signals, acoustic signals and olfactory signals. This paper deals with the first of these, i.e. visual signals. A classification of similar visual signals emanating from adult Afrotropical Lepidoptera is presented. The classification is based on the perceived predator response to those signals. Visual signals are classified under three main categories: Those that trigger (1) an avoidance response, (2) a confusion response or (3) a distraction response in predators. This paper deals in detail with signals that trigger a predator avoidance response. The avoidance response can either be a response avoiding perceived danger or one avoiding perceived inedibility. The inedibility response can either be one of perceived physical inedibility or one of perceived chemical inedibility. Five major signals of chemical inedibility emanating from Afrotropical Lepidoptera are presented. The value of classifying these signals based on predator response is shown. It is shown that there probably is a predator-spectrum impacting on a species resulting in more than one signal emanating from one species. It is therefore vitally important to classify the signals and not the taxa that the signals emanate from.

KEY WORDS:

Afrotropical Lepidoptera, Survival strategies, visual signals, mimicry, aposematic, Insectiverous Birds, crypsis, Predator distraction.

Title

AN OVERVIEW OF THE DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF AFROTROPICAL RAINFOREST BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA)

Authors

Larsen Torben B.

Title

MYRMECOPHILY AND THE MALE GENITALIA OF AFRICAN LYCAENIDAE: A PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION

Authors

Heath Alan F. R. E. S.

ABSTRACT:

An analysis of 25 African Iycaenid genera shows that variation between species in the morphology of male genitalia is greater in non-ant-associated genera than in ant-associated genera. This phenomenon is presented and discussed as a preliminary note to a more thorough investigation.

KEY WORDS:

Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, myrmecophily, genitalia, speciation, sexual selection, evolution.

Title

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN LYCAENID LARVAE (LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE) AND ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)

Authors

Henning Stephen F.

Title

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LEPIDOPTEROLOGY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA

Authors

Ball Jonathan B.

Title

CURRENT STATUS OF THE SYSTEMATICS OF THE PYRALOIDEA OF THE AFROTROPICAL REGION

Authors

Maes K. V. N.

ABSTRACT:

A brief discussion on the distribution, ecology and economic importance of the Pyraloidea is given. Characters to recognize the Pyraloidea and its two families are provided. The problems encountered while studying the Pyraloidea from the Afrotropical region are discussed. Some solutions are proposed. The limited value of the Pyraloidea in conservation programmes is pointed out.

Title

THE STUDY OF THE EARLY STAGES OF AFRICAN LEPIDOPTERA: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SYSTEMATICS CONSIDERATIONS

Authors

Congdon Colin

And

Bampton Ivan

ABSTRACT:

The researchers are engaged in discovering and recording the life histories of butterflies. The environmental impact of their work is discussed, and its contribution to conservation efforts assessed. The value of the early stages of butterflies in taxonomy is considered. Some butterfly life histories are discussed, giving examples of the discovery of new butterfly and plant species, and of the relationships between the groups of butterflies.

Title

AFRICAN BUTTERFLY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Authors

Collins S. C.

Title

AN EXAMPLE OF ANT/CATERPILLAR COMPETITION BETWEEN THE ANT HOST OF BARTERIA FISTULOSA (PASSIFLORACEAE), TETRAPONERA AETHIOPS (PSEUDOMYRMECINAE), AND TINTHIA LAMBORNELLA (SESIIDAE)

Authors

Bouyer Thierry

Title

GONDWANAN BUTTERFLIES: THE AFRICA-SOUTH AMERICA CONNECTION

Authors

Miller Lee D.

And

Miller Jacqueline Y.

ABSTRACT:

The Mesozoic history of Africa and other Gondwanan landmasses is briefly related, as is the early history of Lepidoptera. The meager fossil record of the latter is compared with the better documented vertebrate record. Sister-group analysis suggests a Gondwanan genesis for butterflies, and illustrations are given of contemporary genera. Pantropical genera are discussed, and Borbo and Panoquina are suggested as possible synonyms.

KEY WORDS:

Aeropetes, Africa, Antarctica, Archimenstra, Asia, Australia, biogeography, Brephidium, Celaenorrhinus, dinosaurs, Eunica, Hesperiidae, India, Leptotes, Madagascar, Manataria, Neptidopsis, Nyphalidae, Oraidium, Pangaea, Paralethe, Sallya, Satyridae, South America.

Title

SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH ON AFROTROPICAL HETEROCERA: PAST AND PRESENT

Authors

Krüger Martin

Title

MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE CHARAXES ETHEOCLES (CRAMER) SPECIES GROUP (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE)

Authors

Henning Stephen F.

METAMORPHOSIS December 1997 Occasional Supplement Number 3

Title

AFRICAN LEPIDOPTEROLOGY AT THE MILLENNIUM

Authors

Vane-Wright R. I.

ABSTRACT:

Following a brief discussion of the importance of Lepidoptera in relation to human welfare and the so-called ‘biodiversity crisis’ , an overview of our limited understanding of their diversity in the Afrotropics is presented. After 250 years, how far have we got with the task of knowing Africa’s butterflies and moths? How many families and species of Lepidoptera exist within the limits of the Afroropical Region? Given the urgent need for effective conservation planning and management, it is evident that we should make a concerted effort to assess the Lepidoptera of Africa through the catalogue-revision cycle, and make this knowledge available through new and improved field and laboratory guides. Some ways in which information technology can help with these tasks are outlined. With appropriate systems and good leadership, vital data on the distribution and biology of Africa’s many thousands of butterflies and moths can be gathered and analysed on a large scale. Such a programme is fundamental to any serious attempt to ensure survival of the full diversity of African Lepidoptera, through the 21^st century and beyond.

METAMORPHOSIS December 1997 Occasional Supplement Number 3

Title

BIODIVERSITY AND OROPHILY ON THE CAMEROON HIGHLANDS

Authors

Libert Michel

ABSTRACT:

Orophily is defined, and several examples are given of the difficulty of asserting the orophilic character of a given species. Data published in 1991 on the butterfly fauna of the Cameroon Highlands is updated and confirms both a relatively low diversity and a surprisingly low proportion of orophilic species. The very low degree of differentiation of at least 75% of these species indicates a recent isolation; the term “Cameroonian oro-endemic” is defined and shown to apply to only about 13% of orophilic species. A comparison between these two groups suggests that the hypothesis of a continuous montane forest belt across the continent is not necessary to explain the present disjunctions in the distribution of orophilic butterflies.

METAMORPHOSIS December 1990 Number 27

Title

OBSERVATIONS OF THE BIOLOGY OF Lepidochrysops plebeia plebeia (BUTLER) (LYCAENIDAE : POLYOMMATNAE)

Authors

Williams Mark

Title

WHAT IS IN A NAME?

Authors

Larsen Torben B.

Title

TRIP TO NAMAQUALAND

Authors

Scholsz Mike

Title

LIFE HISTORY – APHNAEUS HUTCHINSONII Trimen 1887

Authors

Edge Dave A.

Title

OUR FIRST ENCOUNTER WITH APPIAS SABINA PHOEBE (BUTLER)

Authors

Krűger Paul & Gerty

Title

DON’T BELIEVE ME!

Authors

Swanepoel D. A.

Title

ACRAEA RAHIRA STILL FLIES IN THE WORCESTER DISTRICT, WESTRN CAPE

Authors

Schlosz Mike

Title

CHECKLIST OF BUTTERFLIES OF THE GOLDFIELDS AREA IN THE ORANGE FREE STATE

Authors

Lunderstedt Martin

Title

OBSERVATION ON BUTTERFLIES: GOLDEN GATE …. 15 SEPTEMBER 1990

Authors

Terblanche R. F.

Title

A ‘ SOUND’ OBSERVATION

Authors

Scholsz Mike and Pat

Title

A BUTTERFLY STAND AT THE NATAL WITNESS GARDEN SHOW

Authors

Driver Adrian